
Howard Gardner of Harvard University has transformed the view of intelligence as fixed and narrow in scope. His theory of Multiple Intelligences now includes the following domains:
1. Visual/SpatialThe ability to perceive, create and manipulate objects, shapes, contrasts, detail, balance, etc., mentally and physically in compositions |
![]() ©Barbara Caldwell. In this photo, a young artist analyzes the sculpture she has made. |
![]() ©Barbara Caldwell. This performance art group incorporates rhythmic dance and masks into their expressive work. |
2. KinestheticThe ability to use the whole body, fine and/or gross motor abilities to express, create and solve problems |
3. Verbal LinguisticThe ability to create, inform, convince or express using language. Skills using written or spoken words effectively. Orators, writers, religious leaders and teachers use this domain |
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4. MusicalThe love of music and abilities such as composing , singing or playing music. Musical appreciators and performers utilize this domain of intelligence |
5. Logical and MathematicalOrderly exploration or sequencing of patterns or categories involving logical manipulation of ideas or objects. Exhibited by scientists, mathematicians and logic-based philosophers |
![]() ©Barbara Caldwell |
![]() ©Barbara Caldwell |
6. InterpersonalThe ability to get along with, care for and understand people. Knowing how to relate to people; to empathize. Great social leaders such as those who inspire thousands, as well as teachers and counselors, possess this gift |
7. IntrapersonalSelf knowledge, the awareness and understanding of one's feelings, values, abilities, priorities, etc. Reflective writers, artists and those seeking personal growth develop these abilities well. |
![]() ©Barbara Caldwell |
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